KUBERNETES

Kubernetes is mainly the container-orchestration system which is designed by Google and is now maintained by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation. It is actually an open-source container.

If we see the term Kubernetes, it simply means it is an open-source platform that automates Linux container operations.

 Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) runs certified Kubernetes. It provides a controlled and managed environment for deploying, managing, and scaling, the containerized applications. It uses Google infrastructure for this.

In GKE, there are multiple machines that are grouped together to form a cluster. 

The question that comes in mind that why Google has go for Kubernetes or what is the need for making this engine. The reason here is to bring container orchestration to the masses, and the only way is to combine the open-source technology and built the community around it. 

The three main problems that the Kubernetes solved that are:

1) It is portable and runs on the cloud providers, bare-metal, hybrid, or both.

2) It is configurable and modular.

3) Auto-placement, Auto-restart, Auto-replication, and Auto-healing of containers are the mains feature it provides.

Do you also know that Kubernetes is also known as K8s . Here, 8 is for "ubernete", an eight-letter word.

One more question that comes in mind that Docker is a container, so is Kubernetes a docker, or are they different?

The point here to note that Kubernetes is a container orchestrator, whereas Docker is an application that helps to run containerized applications.

So, Kubernetes can run without Docker and can use other applications that managed many containerized applications like RunC, cri-o, etc. These are deployed with Kubernetes.

Also, Dockers can also be installed on the system and is a standalone application. But, If Dockers is deployed with Kubernetes, this combination goes very well.

Here, Kubernetes is discussed and it mainly developed for container orchestration. So, the next thing to think is what is the need for containerization in virtualization.

So, here is the answer, Containerization helps to eliminate the problem of transferring code from desktop computer to Virtual Machine (VM), or from Linux to Windows OS by bundling the application code, with configuration files, libraries, dependencies required it for it to run.

So, I think the Kubernetes is clear to all!!!!!

QUIZ ON SECURITY OF CLOUD

QUIZ ON VIRTUALIZATION

QUIZ 2

Multiple Choice Questions

ANATOMY OF CLOUD

Provisioning and Configuration Module:
It is the lowest level of the cloud and generally resides on bare hardware (such as firmware) or at the top of the hypervisor layer. Its function is to abstract the underlying hardware and provide a standard mechanism for generating virtual machine instances on demand. It also handles the post-configuration of operating systems and applications residing on the VM.

Monitoring and Optimization:
This layer handles the monitoring of all services, storage, networking and application components in the cloud. Based on the statistics, it could perform routine functions that optimize the behavior of the infrastructure components and provide relevant data to the cloud administrator to further optimize the configuration for maximum utilization and performance,

Metering and Chargeback:

This layer provides functions to measure the usage of resources in the cloud. The metering module collects all the utilization data per domain peruse. This module gives the cloud administrator enough data to measure the ongoing utilization of resources and to create invoices based on the usage on a periodic basis.

Orchestration:
Orchestration is central to cloud operations. Orchestration converts requests from the service management layer and the monitoring, chargeback modules to appropriate action items which are then submitted to the provisioning and configuration module for final closure. Orchestration updates the CMDB in the process.

Configuration Management Database (CMDB):
It is a central configuration repository wherein all the metadata and configuration of different modules, resources are kept and updated in a real-time basis. The repository can then be accessed using standards protocols like SOAP by third-party software and integration components. All updates in CMDB happen in real-time as requests get processed in the cloud.

Cloud Life cycle Management Layer (CLM):

This layer handles the coordination of all other layers in the cloud. All requests internal and external are addressed to the CLM layer first. CLM may internally route requests and actions to other layers for further processing.

Service Catalog:
It is central to the definition of cloud, SC defines what kind of services the cloud is capable of providing and at what cost to the end-user. SC is the first thing that is drafted before a cloud is an architecture. The service management layer consults SC before it processes any request for a new resource.

Examples Of Cloud Computing Close To Home.

You've heard about cloud computing and you also know that it is being used more and more in various configurations, however, you may not yet understand exactly what it is. The truth is that you are probably already using some form without even realizing it. Let's take a look at some examples of cloud computing and find out if any of them sound familiar.

If you have heard (or used) of Dropbox, you have used cloud computing. You can place a credit card application for Dropbox on the devices you want, and you can access the files stored in the application from those devices. Someone who concentrates on a document at home can place it in Dropbox and someone from the other side of the world with the same account can pick it up and do whatever they want when using it. Syncplicity is another similar service.

Social networks also use cloud computing. By entering data and photos on the easy-to-use site, you can share it with your friends around the world. Everything is stored within the cloud and is accessed simply by entering your bank account at any time. Of course, your information can also be shared with those who run the service, which may pose privacy and security issues, but many people seem willing to take risks to safeguard the convenience of the service.

There are several hosting services that offer you storage of documents, images, videos along with other information. YouTube, Picasa, and Flikr are also cloud computing services. Google Docs Zoho Office along with a number of others give you the ability to create documents that can be used in collaboration to edit and share.

Email is probably the most used application of cloud computing. When you use a web-based email service, you use that technology. It does not run and store the email program on your PC but allows cloud computers, or even the Internet, to do it for you. It gives you much more storage than you could store on your PC because there is a lot of storage in the back.

Offsite backup services are another example. You can store your data, photos and other data by yourself, but it is also important to have an online backup. Keep a duplicate of everything inside the cloud using services such as Carbonite, JungleDisk or Mozy. This often facilitates access to your data anywhere in the world and protects it against security problems if your computer or storage products are stolen or damaged.

Cloud computing plays a role in many facets of our lives. With an increasing number of uses, it is likely to be only popular in the coming years. Although you will encounter security problems when your data is stored off-site, there is also a long list of benefits that are presented, as clearly seen through these everyday examples of cloud computing.