Interview Question PART6

Q1) State the difference between Virtualization and Containerization?

Ans-Containerization helps to deploy multiple applications using the same OS on a single VM or server whereas Virtualization enables you to split the hardware of the physical server into multiple instances.

Q2) What is an API?

Ans- API refers to as Application Programming Interface is a set of routine protocols and tools for building software applications. It specifies how software components must interact.

Q3) What are Docker?

Ans-Docker is a set of platform as a service product which uses OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called the container.

Q4)What is VM Kernel?

Ans-VM Kernel is POSIX(Portable Operating System Interface)-like OS developed by VMWare. It is also called a microkernel by VMWare because it runs on bare metal.

Q5) What are VM Kernel ports used for?

Ans-VM Kernel ports are also called virtual adapters or VMKernel Networking Interfaces, which are used by vSphere host to communicate to the outside world.

Q6)In which year Personal cloud storage using Raspberry Pi is done?
Ans-According to the research paper, "Fairuz Rauz et al., Personal Cloud Storage using Raspberry Pi, International Journal of Computer Application, Volume 180, Issue 22, February 2018." , It is done in the year 2018.

 Q7) Is iCloud an example of cloud storage True or false?
Ans-True, It is used to store documents, photos, videos, etc. It also helps to store the backup data of the iPhone and iPad.

Q8) What is the difference between Xen and KVM hypervisor?

Ans- Xen- Xen supports full virtualization on the system but the point to be noted is that it can also work on the system's which does not support virtualization extensions.

KVM- A virtualization module in the Linux Kernel that allows the kernel to function as the hypervisor. 

Q9) Who is the best Cloud Service Providers?
Ans- Amazon Web Services
     Microsoft Azure
     Google Cloud
     Oracle
     IBM Cloud
     Salesforce

Q10) Is Facebook SAAS,PAAS, or IAAS?
Ans- Facebook is a PAAS neither SAAS and nor IAAS, As on Facebook, applications can be created using the open APIs by the developers on the Facebook platform.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Server Virtualization

Advantages
1) Cost-saving: As the number of physical servers reduces due to the deployment of a number of virtual servers on the same physical server, it reduces the cost.

2) Less Energy Consumption: As the number of physical servers is reduced, energy consumption is less.

3) Reduces the number of physical servers: This saves space in any organization.

4) Independent user environment: As each user can use its own virtual server, without affecting the other virtual servers on the same physical machine.

Disadvantages 

1) High Risk in case of physical server failure: We are very happy when we can run 4 instances in one physical machine. But, what happens if that one physical server has some failure, if that happens the 4 instances that were created are also affected.

2) Performance hampers: If multiple virtualized servers are created on a physical server that means that the number of instances is using the same physical resources, due to which the virtual servers may hamper the performance.

3) Not Easy to manage: As we can manage the physical machines it is difficult to manage the virtual machines. To create the virtual machines there is various software required like VMWare, Virtual Box, Hyper-V, etc which require advanced knowledge.

4) Not all applications are supported: There are many applications that do not support virtualization so while creating the virtualized server, we have to choose that OS which can act in a virtualized environment.

How to convert a physical machine to virtual Machine?

 A physical machine can be converted to (VM)Virtual Machine using VMware vCenter  Converter Standalone.

Following are the steps to install and convert the physical machine to virtual machine.

1) Go to the site https://www.filehorse.com/download-vmware-vcenter-converter/download/ for downloading the software "VMware vCenter Converter  Standalone".

2) After download, start installing the software,Click Next.

2) Click Next.

3) Click on "I agree the terms in the Licence Agreement".Click Next.

4) Click Next.

5) Select Local installation.

6)User Experience Settings screen comes. Tick the "Join the VMware  Customer Experience Improvement Program".Click Next.

7) Ready to install Windows comes.Click on Install Button.

8) Installing Windows appears.

9) After completion of installation.Click on Finish button.

10) VMWare vCenter Converter Standalone interface is open.

11) Go to File Menu>New> Convert Machine.

12) Select the source type as : This Local Machine (because we are converting the our own physical machine to virtual machine)

Note: We can convert the remote physical machine to virtual machine also,if we know the ip address of the system.

13) We can view the source details also:

14) Click on Close.Click on Next. Select the destination type as "Virtual Workstation or other VMWare virtual Machine".Select VMWare Product. Give the Name to the Virtual Machine and Location to where the virtual machine is created.Click Next.

15) We will get the Option Window. Click Next.(We can edit the current settings here if we want.)

16) Summary  windows appear , which summarizes the Virtual machine that will be created.Click Finish button.

17) we see the virtual machine is in running state.

18) Right Click on Virtual Machine created in the folder.Select "Open with VMWare Workstation".

19) Power on the virtual machine.If "Failed to start the Virtual Machine"error comes then first delete the .lck file which was created in the folder where the virtual machine is created. Then , the Virtual Machine can be started.

Interview Questions PART 5

                       

Q1) What is the term  "Cold Migration" and "Hot Migration" mean?

Ans-Hot Migration is actually a live migration, where the migration of machine is done when it is in operable or working state whereas Cold migration means migration is done when it is in a turned-off state.

Q2) Name the vendors who are providing the IAAS Cloud Computing platform.
Ans-Microsoft Azure
       Amazon Web Services
      Google Compute Engine
      DigitalOcean
      RackSpace

Q3) Name the vendors who are providing the PAAS Cloud Computing platform.
Ans- Google App Engine
        Force.com
        Windows Azure
         Apache Stratos
         Amazon Elastic BeanStalk
       

Q4) Name the vendors who are providing the SAAS Cloud Computing platform.
Ans-Medallia
       NetApp
       Sphera
      Amazon Web Services
      BlackBaud

Q5) How Cloud Computing works?
Ans-Cloud Computing is the technology in which the data is stored remotely in the physical locations instead of the personal hard drives which can be accessed through the internet. As Cloud user requests the services from the cloud provider, so the cloud provider stores the data on the remote physical locations instead of his own hard drives, and whenever cloud provider needs the data, he /she can access through the internet.

Q6) What do you mean by CAAS?
Ans-CAAS is referred to as Container as a service, which provides container-based virtualization. It includes container engines, orchestration, and underlying compute resources that are given to users on request by the cloud providers.

Q7) Before going to the Cloud Computing Platform, what are the most essential things to keep in mind?
Ans-Data Storage
        Data Integrity
        Business Continuity
        Loss of Data
        Compliance
        Lesser Downtime

Q8)Can we use digital ocean cloud for medical or healthcare applications?

Ans-I thinks yes, as digital ocean provides developers the cloud services that deploy and scale the applications on multiple computers and is also cheaper than AWS EC2.

Q9) How do you convert a physical machine to a virtual machine?
Ans-We can convert the physical machine to a virtual machine using VMware vCenter Converter Standalone.

Q10) Which services are provided by the Windows Azure?
Ans- IAAS
         PAAS
         SAAS

Interview Questions PART 4

Q1) What do you mean by virtual networking?
Ans-Virtual Networking is a technology that helps to communicate among different virtual machines or virtual servers or other related components, in a virtual environment.

Q2) What are some examples of cloud services?
Ans- Amazon EC2- Virtual IT
         Google AppEngine -Application hosting
         Apple iCloud- Network storage
         DigitalOCean -Servers (IaaS/PaaS)
         Google Apps and Microsoft Office Online -SaaS

Q3) What is VDI?
Ans-VDI is Virtual Desktop Infrastructure which helps in desktop virtualization, which hosts desktop environment on the central server. With VDI, hypervisors work the same way as the server virtualization does. VDI software is a pool of virtual desktops.

Q4) What is fault tolerance?
Ans-Fault tolerance is a property which says that if any or some of the component fail but still a system is performing correctly.

Q5) What is Openstack technology?
Ans-Openstack is open-source software that helps to deploy and manage cloud infrastructure as a service IAAS. It supports both public and private cloud deployment.

Q6) Explain Cloud Service Model.
Ans- Cloud Service Model mainly have three services:
IAAS
PAAS
SAAS

Q7) What are the different data types used in cloud computing?
Ans-Boolean, Number, Email, text, data, images, contracts, decimals, etc.

Q8) What is the difference between Cloud Computing and Mobile Computing?
Ans-

Mobile Computing	Cloud Computing
User-facing technology	Company-facing technology
Use wireless service to transmit data	Use wireless service to transmit data
Relates to the emergence of new technology or devices and interfaces.	Relates to the services that are provided to the users over the distributed network.
The function includes accessing the internet connection through browsers, also support different application on the same core operating system.	The function includes the IT services in the form of IAAS, PAAS, SAAS, provided to the user by the different vendors according to the user’s requirement.

Q9) What are the examples of large cloud providers and databases?
Ans- Google Big Table
         Amazon SimpleDB
         Cloud-Based SQL

Q10) Why would a cloud provider does not divulge the location of their data?

Ans-Due to privacy issues, as the resources in cloud computing, is shared among the number of users so the data leakage is somewhat the main issue. So, the cloud providers would not divulge the location of their data.

Interview Questions PART 3

Q1) What is the term "Cloud Service" mean?
Ans-Cloud Services is a service provided by the cloud provider to the cloud user on demand.

Q2) What is SLA?
Ans- SLA is the Service Level Agreement, which defines what are the requirements of the users, what he or she wants from the vendors. SLA also defines the metrics which measure the services, it also includes the penalties and remedies. It is an important contract between the user and the vendor.

Q3) What is Hypervisor?
Ans- A Hypervisor is a "software or process" that helps the physical resources of the system to split into the number of instances on demand. It allows creating multiple guest VMs on one physical system.

Q4) What is an ISO  image?
Ans-An ISO image file is an archive file that has the exact copy of data found on the optical disks like CD/DVD. It is mainly used for backing up optical disks.

Q5) What are the different server software VMWare provides?
Ans-VMware ESX Server
        VMware ESXi Server
         VMware Server

Q6) What is QEMU?
Ans-QEMU is an open-source emulator that performs hardware virtualization.

Q7) What is Hyper-V?
Ans-Hyper-V is Microsoft's Hardware Virtualization Product. It helps to create multiple VMs on the physical machine.

Q8) What is VM Cloning?
Ans-A clone means the exact copy of the virtual machine. The clone is generated from the parent VM. Clone share the virtual disk of its parent VM, but when cloning is done the cloned VM is a separate VM. Whatever the changes are done to any of the machines it will affect any of these as they are now two different machines.

Q9) What is Cloud Bursting?
Ans- Cloud Bursting is the dynamic deployment of an application that runs on a private cloud but when the peak time comes, to handle the high demand the applications can move to the public cloud.

Q10) What is the use of VMWare Workstation?
Ans-VMWare Workstation is a hosted hypervisor that runs on x86 versions of Windows or Linux Operating System, which used to create multiple VMs on one physical server

Interview Questions PART 2

Q1) What is Cloud?

Ans- A Cloud is an association of services, network, hardware, storage and interfaces that deliver services to the users. There are three types of users: Individual users, Business users, Cloud Service Provider.

Q2) What is the difference between cloud computing and grid computing?

Ans-

Cloud Computing	Grid Computing
Client-Server Computing Architecture	Distributed Computing Architecture
Resources are used in centralized pattern	Resources are used in collaborative pattern
Users pay for use	Users don’t pay for use
It is totally dependent on internet.	If any of the nodes stops performing than other systems will take responsibility for the task to execute.
Scalability is high.	Scalability is normal.
Hardware and software platforms are virtualized.	Data and Computing Resources are virtualized.
On-Demand Computing	Maximum Computing
Centralized User Management	Decentralized User Management

Q3) What is the difference between virtualization and cloud computing?

Ans-

Cloud Computing	Virtualization
Cloud Computing provides the IT services in the form of IAAS, PAAS, SAAS based on virtualization to the users.	Virtualization splits the hardware from the physical machine into the number of instances on a single server.
In Cloud Computing number of virtualized infrastructure resources, services are pooled together to give the services to the user in such a way that everything should be orchestrated.	Software is known as Hypervisor used to split physical machines into the number of virtual machines.
It is a methodology.	It is technology.

Q4) What are the different models of the deployment model?

Ans- Public Cloud

         Private Cloud

         Hybrid Cloud

         Community Cloud

Q5) What is the full form of  EUCALYPTUS?

Ans- Elastic Utility Computing Architecture for Linking Your Programs To Useful Systems.

Q6) What is the use of EUCALYPTUS?

Ans- EUCALYPTUS is an open-source infrastructure software in cloud computing. It is used to build all types of clouds that are public, private and hybrid clouds.It is used to implement clusters in the cloud computing platform. It is used to produce our own data center into a private cloud.

Q7) Name some open-source Cloud Computing platforms Databases.

Ans- MongoDB

         Couch DB

         Lucid DB

Q8) What is the difference between cloud and traditional data centers?

Ans- Traditional data center is on on-premise-hardware whereas Cloud is on off-premise hardware.

      Cloud stores your data either in public cloud or private cloud where as in traditional data centers          the data is stored in our own hardware.

Q9) What do you mean by Containers?

Ans- A Container is a software which consists of all the codes and its dependencies such that application run as fast as possible without any intervention and the benefit is that the application can run on any platform.

Q10) What do you mean by Deadline in cloud computing?

Ans-Deadline in cloud computing mainly is for the tasks of the workflows.Each task is defined with the deadline that it must be executed with in this time limit.

WebSite Monitoring

1) For WebSite Monitoring Make an account on https://www.site24x7.com/

2)Click on Web tab.

3) Click on Website Monitor button.

bu

4) Click on Save Button.

5) The results is as shown below:

6) Summary is as follows:

7) Response time of website is as follows:

8) Performance bench metrics:

Cloud Computing

Virtualization

steps to enable Hyper-V

FAQs for interview

Interview Questions PART-1

Questions Answers related to Cloud Computing and Virtualization for Interviews 

Q1)  What is SAAS?

Ans-SAAS is a Software as a service is a form of cloud computing, which provides software to the users or organizations to use. The main benefit is that the license is maintained by the service provider its not a headache of the user. The best example is        Google docs.

Q2)  Is Google AppEngine is SAAS or PAAS.

Ans- Google App engine is PAAS as it provides the platform for web hosting applications on Google-managed data centers.

Q3) State the Basic Characteristics of Cloud Computing.

Ans- 1) On-Demand Self Service

         2) Multi-tenancy and Resource Pooling

         3) Broad-Network Access

         4) Rapid Elasticity and Scalability

         5) Measured Service

Q4) What are the benefits of Cloud Computing?

Ans- 1) Disaster Recovery

         2) Data Security

         3) Scalability

         4) Cost Reduction

         5) Better Efficiency

Q5) What is the difference between scalability and elasticity?

Ans-Elasticity and Scalability are two different terms in cloud computing but are related to each other. Elasticity means that if there is a high demand of resources, it enables the hypervisor to create new virtual machines or containers means Elasticity is defined for cloud infrastructure whereas Scalability means if the load is high it highlights the system's capability, process to handle the growth means scalability is mainly for the application layer.

Q6) Why nowadays, companies are moving towards cloud computing.

Ans- As Cloud Computing helps in cost-saving, increase productivity, more secure data backup and data storage. 

Q7) How can you secure the data, while transporting in the cloud?

Ans- Use the Encrypted key for securing the data.

Q8) Mention platform which is used for large scale cloud computing.

Ans- Apache Hadoop

         Map Reduce

Q9)What is IAAS?

Ans- IAAS is Infrastructure as a Service which is a form of cloud computing, it provides the virtualized resources over the internet to the users who requested.

Q10)What is PAAS?

Ans-PAAS is Platform as a Service which is a form of Cloud Computing, it provides        platform and the environment to create the applications by the developers.

Cloud Computing

Virtualization

How Virtualization is related to Cloud Computing?

Virtualization and Cloud Computing are the two different terms but are related to each other. Many people get confused between these to terms.

Mainly, Virtualization is the technology that creates multiple instances of the physical resources on the hardware layer using the software name hypervisor. This hypervisor splits the resources into the number of its forms. These split resources are stored in the cloud for use by cloud users. So, Cloud Computing is the IT service, which provides these virtualized resources to the cloud users according to their requests.

Factors that influence the importance of virtualization with respect to cloud computing:

1) Maintenance of Resources: Virtualization of resources helps to create an instance of the resources so that every user can get its own instance and their requirement is fulfilled.

2)Security: Virtualization also increases security which helps to protect the integrity of the guest VM  on the physical machine and other cloud components.

5 Advantages of Virtualization in a Cloud Environment

1. Protection against System Failures. Technology generally has the possibility of bleeding at the wrong time.
2. Hassle-free Transfer of Data.  You can simply transfer information from a physical storage to a virtual server, and vice versa.
3. Firewall and Security.
4. Smoother IT Operations.
5. Profitable Strategy.

Cloud Computing

Virtualization

How to create and run Virtual Machine with Hyper-V?

1) Firstly, enable Hyper-V in Windows.

2) Click on New> Virtual Machine.

3) Specify the Name and Location.Click Next.

4) Specify Generation.Click Next.

5) Assign Memory.Click Next.

6) Configure Networking. If no connection is shown , that means there is no internet connectivity among the PC and Virtual Machine. Select New Virtual Switch. Click Next.

7) Connect Virtual Hard Disk.Click Next.

8) Next, is the installation options.Select "install an operating from a bootable CD/DVD-ROM > Image file(.iso)".

9) Then, comes the summary.

10) Windows is installed.

11) Click on custom.